Biology Year 12 - Module 5 - Lesson 12

Proteins, Phenotype and Gene-Environment Interaction

Use this worksheet after reading the lesson to practise the key ideas and prove you can meet the success criteria.

Name
Date
Class

1. Key Ideas

Genes do not produce traits directly. Genes influence protein structure and protein function, and those protein effects contribute to phenotype. Environment can also influence how phenotype is expressed.

  • Major functional categories of proteins in living things.
  • Why phenotype is not determined by genes alone.

2. Success Criteria

By the end, you should be able to:

  • Major functional categories of proteins in living things.
  • That genotype influences phenotype through protein production and function.
  • Why phenotype is not determined by genes alone.

3. Key Terms

PhenotypeThe observable characteristics of an organism.
GenotypeThe genetic makeup or allele combination of an organism.
EnzymeA protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in living systems.
Receptor proteinA protein that binds signalling molecules and helps cells respond.
Transport proteinA protein involved in moving substances across membranes or through the body.
AntibodyA protein involved in immune defence by recognising specific foreign molecules.

4. Activity: Build the Lesson Map

Use the lesson to complete the table. Keep answers brief but specific.

PromptYour answer
Main concept
Important example
Common mistake to avoid
How this links to the next lesson

5. Short Answer Questions

1. Explain this lesson goal in your own words: "Major functional categories of proteins in living things.". Use one specific example from the lesson.

Band 32 marks

2. Apply this idea to a new example: "That genotype influences phenotype through protein production and function.". Show your reasoning clearly.

Band 43 marks

3. Analyse why this idea matters for understanding Proteins, Phenotype and Gene-Environment Interaction: "Why phenotype is not determined by genes alone.".

Band 54 marks

6. Extend: Apply the Idea

Band 5/65 marks

A student gives a memorised answer about Proteins, Phenotype and Gene-Environment Interaction but does not use evidence or reasoning.

Improve the answer by writing a stronger response that uses accurate terminology, a relevant example and a clear explanation.

7. Multiple Choice

1. What is the best first step when answering a question about Proteins, Phenotype and Gene-Environment Interaction?

A. Identify the key concept being tested

B. Write every fact from memory

C. Ignore the command word

D. Skip examples and evidence

2. Which answer would show stronger understanding of Proteins, Phenotype and Gene-Environment Interaction?

A. An answer with accurate terms and reasoning

B. A copied definition only

C. A single-word response

D. An answer with no example

3. What should you do if a question asks you to explain?

A. Link the idea to a reason or cause

B. List unrelated facts

C. Only draw a diagram

D. Write the shortest possible answer

8. Success Criteria Proof

Finish with evidence that you can do each success criterion.

Success criterion 1

Prove that you can: Major functional categories of proteins in living things.

Band 32 marks
Success criterion 2

Prove that you can: That genotype influences phenotype through protein production and function.

Band 43 marks
Success criterion 3

Prove that you can: Why phenotype is not determined by genes alone.

Band 54 marks

One thing I still need help with: