Empirical formula worker

Percentage by mass in, simplest whole-number atom ratio out. Atomic masses used: C 12.011 · H 1.008 · O 15.999 · N 14.007 · P 30.974 · Fe 55.845 g mol-1. Pick a compound, then work down the ladder.

Choose a compound (identity hidden until you solve it)

1 Take a sample and convert each element to moles

100 g

n = m ÷ M for each element. Then divide every mole value by the smallest.

2 Mass share versus atom share

The percentages are shares of the mass. The formula counts atoms. Are they the same picture?

mass share (%)

3 Write the simplest whole-number ratio

Enter a subscript for each element. If the ÷ smallest column shows a value like 1.50 or 2.67, multiply every value through rather than rounding it.

4 Molecular formula, if you know the molar mass

Solve the empirical formula first. The multiplier is n = M(molecular) ÷ M(empirical), and it has to come out as a whole number.