Chemistry Year 12 - Module 6 - Lesson 1
Acid-Base Models — Arrhenius to Brønsted-Lowry
1. Key Ideas
Every model of acids and bases in history was overturned by one molecule that didn't fit — and the model we use today still has limits scientists are pushing against.
- The four acid-base models: Lavoisier, Davy, Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry
- Why ammonia is a base in Brønsted-Lowry but cannot be classified by Arrhenius
2. Success Criteria
By the end, you should be able to:
- The four acid-base models: Lavoisier, Davy, Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry
- Each model's definition of an acid and base
- The specific limitation that caused each model to be replaced
3. Key Terms
4. Activity: Build the Lesson Map
Use the lesson to complete the table. Keep answers brief but specific.
| Prompt | Your answer |
|---|---|
| Main concept | |
| Important example | |
| Common mistake to avoid | |
| How this links to the next lesson |
5. Short Answer Questions
1. Explain this lesson goal in your own words: "The four acid-base models: Lavoisier, Davy, Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry". Use one specific example from the lesson.
2. Apply this idea to a new example: "Each model's definition of an acid and base". Show your reasoning clearly.
3. Analyse why this idea matters for understanding Acid-Base Models — Arrhenius to Brønsted-Lowry: "The specific limitation that caused each model to be replaced".
6. Extend: Apply the Idea
A student gives a memorised answer about Acid-Base Models — Arrhenius to Brønsted-Lowry but does not use evidence or reasoning.
Improve the answer by writing a stronger response that uses accurate terminology, a relevant example and a clear explanation.
7. Multiple Choice
1. What is the best first step when answering a question about Acid-Base Models — Arrhenius to Brønsted-Lowry?
A. Identify the key concept being tested
B. Write every fact from memory
C. Ignore the command word
D. Skip examples and evidence
2. Which answer would show stronger understanding of Acid-Base Models — Arrhenius to Brønsted-Lowry?
A. An answer with accurate terms and reasoning
B. A copied definition only
C. A single-word response
D. An answer with no example
3. What should you do if a question asks you to explain?
A. Link the idea to a reason or cause
B. List unrelated facts
C. Only draw a diagram
D. Write the shortest possible answer
8. Success Criteria Proof
Finish with evidence that you can do each success criterion.