Mathematics Standard • Year 12 • Ratios and rates • Lesson 3

Map Scales, Skill Drill

Build fluency in the two directions of a scale: plan length to real length by multiplying, and real length back to plan length by dividing. Then apply the same rule to map scales.

Build · Skill Drill

1. Quick recall

Answer in the space provided. 1 mark each

Q1.1 A scale of 1:n means that 1 unit on the drawing represents ____________ units in reality.

Q1.2 To go from a plan length out to a real length you ____________ by the scale factor.

Q1.3 To go from a real length back to a plan length you ____________ by the scale factor.

Stuck? Revisit lesson section 04, "A scale is a ratio with the units stripped off".

2. Worked example, plan length to real length

Follow each line. Every step has its reason.

Problem. A wall measures 4.5 cm on a plan drawn at 1:200. Find its real length.

Step 1, decide the direction.

plan → real, so multiply by 200

Reason: the scale says 1 unit on the plan stands for 200 of the same units in reality.

Step 2, multiply, staying in centimetres.

4.5 × 200 = 900 cm

Reason: the scale has no units, so it works in whatever unit you measured in.

Step 3, convert last, then check.

900 ÷ 100 = 9 m, and 9 m = 900 cm, 900 ÷ 200 = 4.5 cm

Reason: converting before you apply the scale invites you to divide by 100 twice.

3. Plan length to real length

All of these come from a floor plan drawn at a scale of 1:100. Give each answer in metres. 1 mark each

Q3.1 A wall measuring 2.5 cm on the plan.

Q3.2 A room measuring 7.3 cm across on the plan.

Q3.3 A driveway measuring 12.0 cm on the plan.

4. Real length to plan length

Convert to centimetres first, then divide. Give each answer in centimetres. 2 marks each

Q4.1 A fence 9 m long, drawn at a scale of 1:300.

Q4.2 A boundary 24 m long, drawn at a scale of 1:400.

5. Map scales

Same rule, larger numbers. Show the centimetre answer before converting. 2 marks each

Q5.1 On a 1:25 000 map, two points are 4 cm apart. Find the real distance in kilometres.

Q5.2 On a 1:50 000 map, a road is 9.2 cm long. Find its real length in kilometres.

Q5.3 On a 1:10 000 map, a walking track is 3.5 cm long. Find its real length in metres.

How did this worksheet feel?

What I'll revisit before next class:

Answers, Do not peek before attempting

Q1.1, What the scale means

n units. The scale carries no units of its own, so one of anything on the drawing stands for n of the same thing in reality.

Q1.2, Plan out to real

Multiply by the scale factor.

Q1.3, Real back to plan

Divide by the scale factor.

Q3.1, 2.5 cm at 1:100

2.5 × 100 = 250 cm = 2.5 m. At 1:100 the centimetre reading becomes the metre reading, which is why the scale is so common on house plans.

Q3.2, 7.3 cm at 1:100

7.3 × 100 = 730 cm = 7.3 m.

Q3.3, 12.0 cm at 1:100

12.0 × 100 = 1200 cm = 12 m.

Q4.1, 9 m at 1:300

9 m = 900 cm, and 900 ÷ 300 = 3 cm. Check: 3 × 300 = 900 cm = 9 m. Dividing 9 by 300 without converting first gives 0.03 cm, which is the usual slip.

Q4.2, 24 m at 1:400

24 m = 2400 cm, and 2400 ÷ 400 = 6 cm. Check: 6 × 400 = 2400 cm = 24 m.

Q5.1, 4 cm on a 1:25 000 map

4 × 25 000 = 100 000 cm = 1000 m = 1 km.

Q5.2, 9.2 cm on a 1:50 000 map

9.2 × 50 000 = 460 000 cm = 4600 m = 4.6 km. Check: 4.6 km = 460 000 cm and 460 000 ÷ 50 000 = 9.2 cm.

Q5.3, 3.5 cm on a 1:10 000 map

3.5 × 10 000 = 35 000 cm = 350 m, which is 0.35 km. Read the unit the question asks for before you stop converting.