Year 10 Science · Unit 2 · Lesson 4
Foundation Worksheet
Learning Goals
Fill the gap
Choose the correct word from the word bank to complete each sentence about neutralisation reactions.
In a hydroxide neutralisation reaction, an and a react together to form a and . At the equivalence point for a strong acid and a strong hydroxide base at about 25 °C, the pH is and the solution is described as .
At the ionic level, the ions from the acid combine with the ions from the base to produce water. The remaining ions form a compound called a salt, which is named after both the acid and base that were used as .
Match each term to its definition
Draw a line connecting each neutralisation scenario on the left to the acid and base involved on the right. Or write the matching letter next to each scenario.
| Scenario | Your answer | Acid + Base involved |
|---|---|---|
| Antacid tablet (Mylanta) relieves heartburn | A. Tartaric acid (cream of tartar) + sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) | |
| WA farmer applies lime to acidic wheat-belt soil | B. Hydrochloric acid (stomach) + magnesium hydroxide (antacid) | |
| Classroom model: citric acid reacts with calcium carbonate | C. Citric acid + calcium carbonate (acid–carbonate reaction) | |
| Classroom model: sodium hydroxide is neutralised by hydrochloric acid | D. Soil acids (H⁺ from nitrogen fertilisers) + calcium carbonate (lime) | |
| Acid rain dissolves limestone statues | E. Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide (classroom hydroxide neutralisation) | |
| Baking powder fizzes in batter | F. Sulfuric acid (acid rain) + calcium carbonate (limestone) |
1. Write the word equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Identify the salt that is formed in this reaction by name.
2. When an acid reacts with a hydroxide base, what two products form? Explain why the term "neutralisation" is appropriate for this reaction.
Wrap Up
In one sentence, what was the main idea of this lesson?