Year 7 Science · Unit 1 · Lesson 10
Foundation Worksheet
Learning Goals
Fill the gap
Choose the correct word from the word bank. Each word is used at most once. Two words are not needed: cross them out.
Your body is built in levels, from the smallest to the largest. When many similar cells join together and share one job, they form a . The wall of the heart, for example, is made of tissue: millions of cells that all contract together. When several different tissues combine to do one job, they form an . The is a good example: it contains cardiac muscle tissue, nerve tissue and connective tissue working as one structure. The heart connects to , the tubes that carry blood to every part of the body. The heart, blood vessels and blood together form the , which moves blood around the body. All the organ systems together make up the whole .
1. Name two different tissues found in the heart, and describe the job each one does.
Match each organ system to its main job
Beside each system, write the letter of the matching description. Use every letter once.
| Organ system | Letter | Main job |
|---|---|---|
| Circulatory | A. Supports the body and protects organs | |
| Respiratory | B. Carries signals and controls thought and movement | |
| Digestive | C. Takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide | |
| Nervous | D. Produces movement | |
| Skeletal | E. Moves blood, carrying oxygen and nutrients, around the body | |
| Muscular | F. Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients |
Sort it
Decide which level each example belongs to, and write it in that box. The boxes do not hold the same number of items.
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
2. Ella says: “An organ system is just a bigger organ.” Explain why Ella is wrong. Use the digestive system as your example.
Read the data
Scenario: what is inside?
A student looked at thin slices of four structures under a microscope and recorded what she found in each one.
| Structure | What she found |
|---|---|
| P | Only one kind of cell: long muscle cells joined together |
| Q | Muscle tissue, nerve tissue and connective tissue, with blood vessels running through |
| R | Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets floating in a liquid |
| S | A thin top layer of flat cells, a layer of tall cells packed with chloroplasts, and veins carrying water |
Source: made-up observations for this worksheet.
3. Write tissue or organ for each structure, P, Q, R and S.
4. Structure R is mostly liquid. Use Table 1 to explain why it still counts as a tissue.
5. Your heart is made of millions of heart cells, but you would never call one heart cell a heart. Use the five levels of organisation to explain the difference between a heart cell and a heart.
Fill the gap
tissue; cardiac muscle; organ; heart; blood vessels; circulatory system; organism. Not used: nervous system, stomach.
Question 1
Any two: cardiac muscle tissue contracts to pump blood (1); nerve tissue triggers each beat (1); connective tissue holds the heart together (1). [2 marks]
Match each organ system to its main job
Circulatory → E; Respiratory → C; Digestive → F; Nervous → B; Skeletal → A; Muscular → D.
Sort it
Cell: a neuron. Tissue: blood; muscle tissue. Organ: a leaf; the stomach; the heart. Organ system: the digestive system; the shoot system of a plant.
Question 2
An organ system is a group of different organs working together, not one large organ (1). The digestive system is the mouth, stomach, intestines and liver, each doing part of the job of breaking down food and absorbing nutrients (1). [2 marks]
Question 3
P tissue; Q organ; R tissue; S organ. 2 or 3 correct = 1 mark; all four = 2. [2 marks]
Question 4
R is blood. It is made of specialised cells (red cells, white cells, platelets) (1) working together on a job, such as carrying oxygen or fighting infection; the liquid, plasma, is part of the tissue (1). [2 marks]
Question 5
Marking guide: 1 levels in order (cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism); 1 an example at each level (cardiac muscle cell, cardiac muscle tissue, heart, circulatory system, a human); 1 a tissue is many similar cells, but the heart contains several different tissues, so it is an organ; 1 each level is built from the one below; 1 one cell cannot pump blood on its own. [5 marks]
Model answer: A heart cell is a single cardiac muscle cell. Millions of them joined together make cardiac muscle tissue. The heart is an organ because it combines cardiac muscle with nerve and connective tissue. With blood vessels and blood it forms the circulatory system, part of a human. One cell can only twitch; a heart can pump.
Common error: calling the heart a tissue because it is “made of muscle”.