Year 7 Science · Unit 1 · Lesson 10
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Learning Goals
Order the levels in a gum tree
Write 1 beside the smallest level and 5 beside the whole organism, and fill in 2, 3 and 4.
| Order (1–5) | Part of the gum tree |
|---|---|
| The shoot system: all the stems and leaves, which collect light and make food | |
| Palisade tissue: a layer of palisade cells working together inside a leaf | |
| A whole scribbly gum tree, with its root system and shoot system | |
| One palisade cell packed with chloroplasts | |
| A leaf: palisade tissue, vein tissue and other tissues working together |
1. A gum tree has a root system and a shoot system. What does each one do for the tree?
True or false? Fix the false ones
Circle T or F. If a statement is false, correct it on the line.
1. The circulatory system is really just one very large organ.
Correct it:
2. Blood is a tissue, because it is made of specialised cells working together.
Correct it:
3. A single cell can never be a whole organism.
Correct it:
4. Muscle tissue is made of many similar muscle cells working together.
Correct it:
5. The skeletal system supports the body and protects organs such as the brain.
Correct it:
Cause and effect: when one system fails
Complete the chain. Each box is caused by the one before it, and row 2 carries on from the end of row 1.
2. The mouth, stomach, intestines and liver are different organs. Explain why scientists group them into one organ system.
3. A student says: “A leaf is just a tissue.” Explain why this is incorrect. Name the correct level and justify your answer.
Read the data
Scenario: a fitness test
Leo measured his pulse and breathing rate at rest, then straight after 3 minutes of walking and 3 minutes of jogging. He noticed that his pulse began to rise within a few seconds of starting to jog.
| Activity | Pulse (beats per minute) | Breathing rate (breaths per minute) |
|---|---|---|
| Resting | 72 | 14 |
| After walking | 96 | 20 |
| After jogging | 144 | 34 |
Source: sample class results.
4. How many times faster was Leo’s pulse after jogging than at rest? Then describe what happened to his breathing rate.
Answer times faster
5. Leo’s pulse started to rise before his muscles could have run short of oxygen. Name the system that sent the message to speed up, and explain what this shows.
6. Use Table 1 and what you know to explain why the circulatory system cannot do its job on its own. Refer to at least three other organ systems and what each one provides.
Order the levels in a gum tree
Reading down the table as printed, the correct step numbers are 4, 2, 5, 1, 3. In order: one palisade cell; palisade tissue; a leaf; the shoot system; a whole scribbly gum tree.
Question 1
Root system: anchors, takes in water (1). Shoot system: traps light, makes food (1). [2 marks]
True or false
1. False: it is a group of different organs and parts (heart, blood vessels, blood) working together. 2. True. 3. False: an amoeba is a one-celled organism. 4. True. 5. True.
Cause and effect: when one system fails
Row 1: less oxygen enters the blood at the lungs. Row 2: blood takes less oxygen to cells.
Question 2
Each organ does part of one job (1): digesting food and absorbing nutrients (1). [2 marks]
Question 3
A leaf is an organ (1): it is made of several different tissues (palisade, vein, surface) working together, while a tissue is one type of cell (1). [2 marks]
Question 4
144 ÷ 72 = 2 times (1). Breathing rose from 14 to 34 per minute (1). [2 marks]
Question 5
The nervous system signals the heart to beat faster (1). The heart beats by itself, but another system changes its rate: systems depend on each other (1). [2 marks]
Question 6
Marking guide: 1 circulatory job (moves blood around the body); 3 one per system: respiratory loads oxygen, digestive adds nutrients, nervous changes the heart rate, skeletal (bone marrow) makes red blood cells; 1 Table 1 evidence; 1 if one stops. [6 marks]
Model answer: Blood is only useful once the respiratory system adds oxygen and the digestive system adds nutrients. The nervous system speeds up the heart: Leo’s pulse doubled (72 to 144) as breathing rose (14 to 34).
Common error: calling an organ system “a bigger organ”.