This checkpoint tests Block B: the second line of defence, lymphocytes and the third line, vaccination and immunity, Australia's immunisation story, and when immunity fails.
This checkpoint assesses your understanding of Block B.
Second line: inflammation, phagocytes, fever, complement proteins.
Third line: B cells, T cells, antibodies, antigen recognition.
Vaccination: active vs passive immunity; herd immunity; how vaccines work.
Australia's immunisation: National Program, historical outbreaks, Aboriginal health.
When immunity fails: allergies, autoimmune disease, immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS.
1. Which cell type engulfs and destroys pathogens during the second line of defence?
2. What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?
3. A vaccine works by:
4. Herd immunity protects vulnerable people who cannot be vaccinated because:
5. Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?
6. In Australia, the National Immunisation Program provides vaccines for:
7. HIV/AIDS is particularly dangerous because it:
8. An autoimmune disease occurs when:
9. A child receives a booster shot for whooping cough. What is the purpose of a booster?
10. A new infectious disease emerges. Scientists develop a vaccine within 12 months. Explain why the immune system's ability to form memory cells makes vaccination effective, and why some people still get infected after vaccination.
11. Describe the roles of B cells and T cells in the third line of defence. Explain how they work together to protect against pathogens. 4 MARKS
12. Explain how vaccination creates active immunity. Use the terms antigen, antibody, memory cell, and primary/secondary response in your answer. 4 MARKS
13. A student claims that because most people in their community are vaccinated, they do not need to be vaccinated themselves. Evaluate this claim using the concept of herd immunity. 4 MARKS
Tick when you have finished all questions and reviewed your answers.